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1.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 7(2): 97-106, abr.-jun. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391585

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este artículo de revisión narrativa fue generar un documento de consulta con la información actualizada existente respecto a la Enfermedad de Chagas. La enfermedad de Chagas causada por el protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi, es identificado en la primera década del siglo XX. Seguida a la infección aguda, se puede desarrollar una enfermedad crónica. Hasta en el 30-40% de los casos se caracteriza por miocardiopatía, arritmias y megavísceras. La progresión a la miocardiopatía es devastadoramente rápida y se manifiesta con insuficiencia cardíaca y muerte súbita. Hoy continúa siendo un importante problema de salud pública, no sólo en países endémicos, como consecuencia de la movilidad poblacional entre Latino América, y otros países del mundo.


The objective of this narrative review article was to generate a consultation document with the existing updated information regarding Chagas disease. Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is identified in the first decade of the 20th century. Following acute infection, a chronic disease can develop. In up to 30-40% of cases it is characterized by cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and mega viscera. The progression to cardiomyopathy is devastatingly rapid, manifesting with heart failure and sudden death. Today it continues to be an important public health problem, not only in endemic countries, as a consequence of population mobility between Latin America and other countries in the world.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Chagas Disease/history , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Tropical Medicine , Trypanosoma cruzi , Chagas Disease/therapy
2.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 24(275): 5514-5529, abr.-2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1224213

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: discutir sobre o impacto do déficit de investimentos para o tratamento da Doença de Chagas no Brasil. Método: trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME e MEDLINE. A amostra final foi composta por 27 artigos científicos publicados entre o período de 2000 a 2020. Resultados: o Brasil é um dos países com maior prevalência de pacientes portadores da doença, porém pouco se avançou em pesquisas nessa área, de modo a repercutir em um baixo incentivo e investimento dos governantes e da indústria farmacêutica para a Doença de Chagas, tendo em vista a doença ser de progressão lenta e o diagnóstico e o tratamento serem tardios. Conclusão: fica evidente a falta de investimento e políticas públicas que possibilitem o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce da doença tendo como conseqüência um déficit na qualidade de vida dos pacientes.(AU)


Objective: to discuss the impact of the investment deficit for the treatment of Chagas Disease in Brazil. Method: This is a narrative review of the literature conducted in the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME and MEDLINE. The final sample consisted of 27 scientific articles published between 2000 and 2020. Results: Brazil is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of patients with the disease, but little progress has been made in research in this area, so as to have a low incentive and investment from governments and the pharmaceutical industry for Chagas Disease, in view of the disease being of slow progression and the diagnosis and treatment are late. Conclusion: it is evident the lack of investment and public policies that make possible the diagnosis and early treatment of the disease with the consequence of a deficit in the quality of life of the patients.(AU)


Objetivo: discutir el impacto del déficit de inversión para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas en Brasil. Método: se trata de una revisión narrativa de la literatura realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: SCIELO, LILACS, BIREME y MEDLINE. La muestra final consistió en 27 artículos científicos publicados entre 2000 y 2020. Resultados: el Brasil es uno de los países con mayor prevalencia de pacientes con la enfermedad, pero se ha avanzado poco en la investigación en esta área, para tener un bajo incentivo e inversión de los gobiernos y de la industria farmacéutica para la enfermedad de Chagas, considerando que la enfermedad es de progresión lenta y el diagnóstico y tratamiento son tardíos. Conclusión: es evidente la falta de inversión y de políticas públicas que permitan el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la enfermedad con el consiguiente déficit en la calidad de vida de los pacientes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Prevalence , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Health Policy , Investments , Therapeutics/economics
3.
Rev. costarric. cardiol ; 22(1)jun. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1388997

ABSTRACT

Resumen La enfermedad de Chagas es un problema de salud pública en Latinoamérica, donde afecta a aproximadamente a 6 millones de personas. En Costa Rica se ha descrito la enfermedad desde 1941, con varios reportes de casos confirmados agudos y crónicos. La miocardiopatía chagásica afecta al 30% de los individuos con infección crónica y es la manifestación más grave de la enfermedad, con una morbimortalidad mayor que otras miocardiopatías. La resonancia magnética cardíaca, debido a su capacidad de caracterización tisular permite identificar con alta correlación histopatológica la presencia de fibrosis, edema e inflamación en la miocardiopatía chagásica. Esto ha permitido una mejor comprensión de la compleja fisiopatología de la enfermedad y además permite el diagnóstico diferencial con otras patologías simuladoras como lo es la cardiopatía isquémica. En la MCh la presencia de fibrosis miocárdica predice de manera independiente eventos adversos mayores tales como taquicardia ventricular sostenida y muerte cardiovascular. Debido a lo anterior la resonancia magnética cardíaca es una robusta herramienta capaz de mejorar el diagnóstico, la estratificación de riesgo y el pronóstico de estos pacientes, con miras a mejores y oportunas intervenciones terapéuticas.


Abstract Chagas disease is a public health problem in Latin America, where it affects approximately 6 million people. In Costa Rica the disease has been described since 1941, with several reports of acute and chronic confirmed cases. Chagas cardiomyopathy affects 30% of individuals with chronic infection and is the most serious manifestation of the disease, with a higher morbidity and mortality than other cardiomyopathies. Cardiac magnetic resonance, due to its capacity for tissue characterization, identifies the presence of fibrosis, aedema and inflammation in Chagas cardiomyopathy with high histopathological correlation. This has allowed a better understanding of the complex pathophysiology of the disease and also allows differential diagnosis with other pathologies that can simulate, such as ischemic heart disease. In Chagas cardiomyopathy, the presence of myocardial fibrosis independently predicts major adverse events such as sustained ventricular tachycardia and cardiovascular death. Due to the above, cardiac magnetic resonance is a robust tool capable of improving the diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis of these patients, with a view to better and timely therapeutic interventions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/therapeutic use , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/diagnostic imaging , Chagas Disease/therapy
4.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 44: e28, 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101769

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción. La enfermedad de Chagas o tripanosomiasis americana es causada por el protozoo flagelado Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitido principalmente por insectos vectores (denominados popularmente en las diferentes zonas de la Región de las Américas "vinchucas", "pitos", "chinches", "chirimachas" o "kissing bugs"). El parásito es transmitido por vía transplacentaria, transfusiones y, menos frecuentemente, por vía oral o trasplante de órganos. La implementación de políticas públicas y el manejo de la condición clínica requiere ser fortalecido debido a las dificultades diagnósticas y terapéuticas que presenta esta parasitosis sistémica. Para contribuir con ello, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) desarrolló una guía para el manejo de la tripanosomiasis americana. Objetivos. Sintetizar las recomendaciones incluidas en la Guía para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas, publicada por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud en 2018, con el fin de presentar el adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas y abordar aspectos sobre su implementación. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una síntesis de la guía y sus recomendaciones. Adicionalmente, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Lilacs, Health Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos y literatura gris de estudios desarrollados en las Américas con el fin de identificar barreras, facilitadores y estrategias de implementación. Resultados. Se presentan 10 recomendaciones aplicables a pacientes adultos y pediátricos con sospecha de enfermedad de Chagas, exposición a T. cruzi y diagnóstico confirmado de enfermedad de Chagas aguda, crónica y congénita. Se identificaron reportes que abordaron aspectos de implementación. Conclusiones. Las recomendaciones buscan proveer estrategias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos de la enfermedad de Chagas, así como consideraciones para su implementación.(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction. Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted mainly by insect vectors (popularly known in the different areas of the Region of the Americas as "kissing bugs", "pitos", "chinches", or "chirimachas" or "vinchuchas"). The parasite is transmitted via the placenta and in transfusions, and less frequently, orally or during organ transplantation. Because it was necessary to strengthen the implementation of public policies and the management of clinical conditions, given the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties that this systemic parasitosis presents, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) developed guidance for the management of American trypanosomiasis. Objectives. Synthesize the recommendations included in the Guide for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chagas Disease, published (in Spanish only) by the Pan American Health Organization in 2018, in order to present the proper diagnostic methods and treatment for Chagas disease and to address aspects of its implementation. Methods. A summary was made of the guide and its recommendations. In addition, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Lilacs, Health Systems Evidence, Epistemonikos, and the gray literature for studies carried out in the Americas, in order to identify barriers, facilitators, and implementation strategies. Results. Ten recommendations are made. These are applicable to adult and pediatric patients with suspected Chagas disease, exposure to T. cruzi, or a confirmed diagnosis of acute, chronic, or congenital Chagas disease. Reports that addressed aspects of implementation were identified. Conclusions. The recommendations seek to provide strategies for the timely diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease, as well as considerations for the implementation of such strategies.(AU)


RESUMO Introdução. A doença de Chagas (ou tripanossomíase americana) é uma infecção causada pelo protozoário flagelado Trypanosoma cruzi, comumente transmitido por insetos vetores (popularmente conhecidos na Região das Américas como "barbeiro", "chupão", "vinchuca", "pito", "chinche", "chirimacha" ou "kissing bug"). O parasita é transmitido por via transplacentária, transfusão de sangue e, menos comumente, por via oral ou transplante de órgãos de doadores infectados. A implementação de políticas públicas e o manejo clínico devem ser reforçados diante das dificuldades de diagnóstico e terapêutica para esta doença parasitária sistêmica. Em apoio a este propósito, a Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS) elaborou um guia para o manejo da doença de Chagas. Objetivos. Sintetizar as recomendações contidas no Guía para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas (guia de diagnóstico e tratamento da doença de Chagas, disponível apenas em espanhol), publicado pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde em 2018, com o propósito de apresentar o diagnóstico e o tratamento adequados da doença de Chagas e abordar aspectos relativos à implementação. Métodos. Foi realizada uma síntese do guia e das recomendações apresentadas. Foi também conduzida uma busca sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, Health Systems Evidence e Epistemonikos e na literatura cinzenta de estudos realizados na Região das Américas visando identificar barreiras, facilitadores e estratégias de implementação. Resultados. O guia oferece 10 recomendações para pacientes adultos e pediátricos com suspeita de doença de Chagas, exposição ao T. cruzi e diagnóstico confirmado de doença de Chagas aguda, crônica e congênita e discute aspectos relativos à implementação. Conclusões. As recomendações visam fornecer estratégias para o diagnóstico e o tratamento de forma oportuna da doença de Chagas e são feitas considerações para a implementação destas estratégias.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/therapy , Evidence-Based Medicine , Americas/epidemiology
5.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 51(2): 103-106, 20191011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1024821

ABSTRACT

É uma doença infecciosa causada por um protozoário parasita chamado Trypanosoma cruzi,nome dado por seu descobridor, o cientista brasileiro Carlos Chagas, em homenagem a outro cientista, também brasileiro, Oswaldo Cruz. Essa doença é conhecida popularmente como doença do coração crescido, além disso, os locais com mais índices dessa doença são as regiões do Norte e Sudeste e tem como formas de diagnósticos exames de sorologiaparasitários e xenodiagnóstico. E uma das principais formas de prevenção da doença vem sendo o uso de telas e repelentes.


It is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite calledTrypanosoma cruzi, named after its discoverer, the Brazilian scientistCarlos Chagas, in honor of another scientist, also, Brazilian, Oswaldo Cruz. This disease is popularly known as a disease of the heart grown, in addition, the sites with the most indexes of this disease are the regions of the North and southeast and have as diagnostic methods serologica tests parasitic and xenodiagnosis. And one of the main forms of prevention of the disease has been the use of screens and repellents.


Subject(s)
Trypanosoma cruzi , Chagas Disease/etiology , Chagas Disease/physiopathology , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Clinical Enzyme Tests
6.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 31(4): 167-172, out.-dez. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-999253

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A cardiopatia chagásica crônica (CCC) engloba complexo espectro de apresentações, não sendo incomuns episódios de morte arrítmica em portadores de função ventricular esquerda preservada (FVEP) ou quase normal (FVEQN). Métodos: Avaliação retrospectiva de 7 portadores de CCC por 4 anos, com FVEP, submetidos a implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI) devido taquicardia ou fibrilação ventricular (TV/FV). Foram realizadas avaliações clínica, estrutural e eletrocardiográfica. Resultados: Idade média: 57,5±4,45 anos e 71,4% do sexo masculino. Função ventricular esquerda (FVE) inicial foi de 56,14%±4,45, com alterações contrácteis em 100% e hipocinesia inferior em 85,7%. Classe funcional I: 100% sem modificações ao seguimento. Escore de Rassi avaliado previamente ao evento foi de 4,85±0,89. Síncope constituiu a apresentação inicial em 100%, média de 2 episódios por paciente e intervalo de 4 semanas entre os mesmos. Houve alterações em 85,71% dos eletrocardiogramas, sendo bloqueio de ramo direito a principal. TV sustentada foi encontrada em 100%; sítio epicárdico em 71,42% e saída anterolateral do ventrículo esquerdo em 57,14%. A FVE sequencial foi de 54%±3,31; sem alterações contráteis novas. Amiodarona e betabloqueadores foram os fármacos utilizados. Terapias apropriadas aconteceram em 100%; média de 2,1 choques por paciente, com 52,63% dos registros nos primeiros 14 meses. Não foram evidenciados óbitos, terapias inapropriadas ou tempestade elétrica. Conclusão: O elevado número de terapias corrobora o risco arrítmico desta população, ratifica a importância do dispositivo e alerta para a eficácia da terapia clínica. Síncope pode estar associada a maior risco de eventos arrítmicos na CCC


Introduction: Chronic chagasic cardiopathy (CCC) encompasses a complex spectrum of presentations, and episodes of arrhythmic death in patients with preserved left ventricular (PLVF) or near normal (VFNN) are not uncommon. Methods: Retrospective evaluation of 7 patients with PLVF, submitted for implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) due to tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation (VT / VF). Clinical, structural and electrocardiographic evaluations were performed. Results: Mean age was 57.5±4.45 years. Male sex comprised 71.4%. Left ventricular function (LVF) was 56.14%±4.45 with contractile changes in 100% and lower hypokinesia in 85.7%. Functional class I was evidenced in 100% without changes in follow-up. The Rassi score evaluated before the event was 4.85±0.89. Syncope was the initial presentation in 100%, average of 2 episodes per patient and interval of 4 weeks between them. Electrocardiogram showed alterations in 85.71% being right bundle branch block. Sustained VT was evidenced in 100%; epicardial site in 71.42% and left ventricular anterolateral outlet in 57.14%. The sequential LVF was 54%±3.31; without new contractile changes. Amiodarone and beta-blockers were the drugs used. Appropriate therapies occurred in 100%; average of 2.1 shocks per patient with 52.63% of the records in the first 14 months. There were no deaths, inappropriate therapies or electrical storm. Conclusion: The high number of therapies corroborates the arrhythmic risk of this population, ratifies the importance of the device and disputes the effectiveness of clinical therapy. Syncope may be associated with an increased risk of arrhythmic events in CCC


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/complications , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/therapy , Ventricular Function , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control , Defibrillators, Implantable , Secondary Prevention/methods , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Stroke Volume , Syncope , Bundle-Branch Block/complications , Bundle-Branch Block/diagnosis , Echocardiography/methods , Sex Factors , Chronic Disease , Retrospective Studies , Chagas Disease/therapy , Amiodarone/therapeutic use , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use
7.
São Paulo; s.n; 2018. 126 p. ilus, graf, tab, mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, SES-SP, CONASS, SESSP-CTDPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-TESESESSP, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1087660

ABSTRACT

A doença de Chagas afeta mais de 8 milhões de pessoas nos países em desenvolvimento, e dispõe de uma terapia ultrapassada e altamente tóxica. Considerando o Brasil uma das maiores biodiversidades do mundo, compostos de sua flora podem contribuir como novos protótipos farmacêuticos. Neolignanas, isoladas da planta Nectandra leucantha, apresentaram previamente atividade anti-Trypanosoma cruzi e neste trabalho, serviram como base para a semissíntese de uma série de 24 análogos. Estudos in vitro demonstratram que 19 compostos não apresentaram citotoxicidade em células de mamífero até 200 µM. Seis compostos apresentaram atividade contra as formas tripomastigotas (CE50 8 a 76 µM) e 8 compostos contra os amastigotas intracelulares (CE50 7 a 16 µM). Estudos da relação estrutura-atividade biológica (SAR), demonstraram que a presença de pelo menos uma cadeia lateral alílica era importante para a atividade anti-T. cruzi e que o grupo fenol não era essencial. O composto 8 foi eficaz contra as duas formas do parasita e eliminou 100% das formas amastigotas no interior dos macrófagos, sendo escolhido para estudos de mecanismo de ação. O composto 8 afetou rapidamente a mitocôndria do T. cruzi,...(AU)


Chagas disease affects more than 8 million people in developing countries and the available therapy is old and highly toxic. Considering Brazil one of the biggest biodiversity in the world, compounds from the flora can contribute as new pharmaceutical prototypes. Neolignans, isolated from the plant Nectandra leucantha, previously showed anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity and served as the basis for the semi-synthesis of a series of 24 analogues. In vitro studies demonstrated that 19 compounds caused no cytotoxicity in mammalian cells up to 200 µM. Six compounds showed activity against trypomastigote forms (IC50 8 to 76 µM) and 8 compounds against intracellular amastigotes (IC50 7 to 16 µM). Studies of the structure activity relationships (SAR) showed that the presence of at least one allylic side chain was important for anti-T. cruzi activity and that the phenol group was not essential. Compound 8 was chosen for mechanism of action studies as it was effective against both forms of the parasite and eliminated 100% of the intracellular amastigotes. Compound 8 rapidly affected the mitochondria of T. cruzi, causing an intense depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, with decreasing levels of reactive oxygen species...(AU)


Subject(s)
Trypanosoma cruzi/parasitology , Biological Products/therapeutic use , Pharmacokinetics , Chagas Disease/therapy , Lauraceae/chemistry
8.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(10): e180160, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-955106

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Chagas disease is highly prevalent in Latin America, and vector control is the most effective control strategy to date. We have previously shown that liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a valuable tool for identifying triatomine vector blood meals. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine blood meal detection ability as a function of method [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) vs. LC-MS/MS], time since feeding, and the effect of molting in mouse-fed triatomine insect vectors targeting hemoglobin and albumin proteins with LC-MS/MS and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINE)-based PCR. METHODS We experimentally fed Triatoma protracta on mice and used LC-MS/MS to detect hemoglobin and albumin peptides over time post-feeding and post-molting (≤ 12 weeks). We compared LC-MS/MS results with those of a standard PCR method based on SINEs. FINDINGS Hemoglobin-based LC-MS/MS detected blood meals most robustly at all time points post-feeding. Post-molting, no blood meals were detected with PCR, whereas LC-MS/MS detected mouse hemoglobin and albumin up to 12 weeks. MAIN CONCLUSIONS In our study, the hemoglobin signature in the insect abdomen lasted longer than that of albumin and DNA. LC-MS/MS using hemoglobin shows promise for identifying triatomine blood meals over long temporal scales and even post-molting. Clarifying the frequency of blood-feeding on different hosts can foster our understanding of vector behavior and may help devise sounder disease-control strategies, including Ecohealth (community based ecosystem management) approaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Hemoglobins , Serum Albumin
9.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 49(4): 315-319, Dec. 2017. map, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041794

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Treponema pallidum, Trypanosoma cruzi and Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) in five Amerindian populations of Argentina. A retrospective study was conducted among 857 Amerindian populations (112 Kollas, 298 Mbyá-guaraníes, 79 Sagua Huarpes, 368 Wichis) from 2007 to 2010. Screening and confirmation of T. pallidum, T. cruzi and HIV-1 were performed. T. pallidum and T. cruzi infections were detected in all communities with an overall prevalence rate of 4.2% and 16.8%, respectively. Although HIV was not detected, syphilis and Chagas' disease represent a challenge for the health care system and the reinforcement of public health strategies is necessary considering the socioeconomic isolation of these populations.


El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia de Treponema pallidum, Trypanosoma cruzi y virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV-1) en 5 comunidades originarias de Argentina. Para ello, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 857 individuos (112 kollas, 298 mbyá-guaraníes, 79 sagua huarpes, 368 wichis) desde el 2007 hasta el 2010. Se realizó el diagnóstico completo para T. pallidum, T. cruzi y HIV-1. En todas las comunidades se confirmaron infecciones por T. pallidum y T. cruzi con una prevalencia total del 4,2 y del 16,8%, respectivamente. Aunque no se detectó HIV-1, sífilis y Chagas, representan un desafío para el sistema de salud, teniendo que reforzarse las estrategias de salud pública teniendo en cuenta el aislamiento socio-económico que sufren estas poblaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Indians, South American , Syphilis , HIV Infections , Chagas Disease , Argentina , Treponema pallidum/isolation & purification , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Syphilis/ethnology , Syphilis/therapy , HIV Infections/ethnology , HIV Infections/therapy , Retrospective Studies , HIV-1 , Chagas Disease/ethnology , Chagas Disease/therapy
10.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 82(2): 171-211, abr. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899895

ABSTRACT

Existen numerosas infecciones bacterianas, virales y parasitarias que pueden transmitirse desde la madre al feto o recién nacido (RN) y que significan un riesgo para él. El acrónimo TORCH se utiliza en forma universal para caracterizar a aquel feto o RN que presenta un cuadro clínico compatible con una infección congénita y que permite un enfrentamiento racional, tanto diagnóstico como terapéutico. El concepto tradicional de realizar un "test de TORCH" sin consideraciones específicas a cada paciente, hoy en día se considera no adecuado y ha sido reemplazado por exámenes específicos para patógenos específicos bajo circunstancias bien definidas. El presente documento revisa las características generales, epidemiológicas, patogénicas, diagnósticas y terapéuticas de los patógenos más frecuentemente involucrados en el estudio de pacientes con sospecha de TORCH.


There is a lot of bacterial, viral or parasite infections who are able to be transmitted vertically from the mother to the fetus or newborn which implicates an enormous risk for it. The TORCH acronym is used universally to refer to a fetus or newborn which presents clinical features compatible with a vertically acquired infection and allows a rational diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The traditional "TORCH test" is nowadays considered not appropriate and it has been replaced for specific test for specific pathogens under well defined circumstances. The present document reviews the general characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic options for the most frequently involved pathogens in the fetus or newborn with TORCH suspicion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/congenital , Chile , Toxoplasmosis/therapy , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , Neonatal Screening/methods , Practice Guideline , Chagas Disease/therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Herpes Simplex/congenital , Herpes Simplex/epidemiology , Measles/congenital , Measles/epidemiology
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(2): 184-193, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842842

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Stimulation of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines may cause oxidative stress in Chagas disease. In this study, we evaluated the merit of vitamins C and E as antioxidant therapy to minimize the oxidative stress-induced damage in an experimental model of Chagas disease. METHODS: Ninety-six Swiss mice were infected with Trypanosoma cruzi QM2 and treated with vitamins C, E, or both (C/E) for 60 and 120 days, and their effects compared to placebo administration were evaluated in the acute and chronic disease phases. RESULTS: There was no difference in parasitemia among treatment groups. However, histological analysis showed more severe inflammation in the skeletal muscle in the vitamin supplementation groups at both the acute and chronic phases. Biochemical analyses during the acute phase showed increased ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and glutathione (GSH) levels in the vitamin C and C/E groups. In the chronic phase, a decrease in GSH levels was observed in the vitamin E group and a decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was observed in the vitamin C/E group. Moreover, there was a decrease in TBARS in the cardiac tissues of the vitamin C and C/E groups compared to that of the placebo group, although this level was greater in the vitamin E group than in the vitamin C group. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidant action of vitamins C and E reduced oxidative stress in both the acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease, with a marked effect from joint administration, indicating their inherent synergism.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Vitamin E/therapeutic use , Chagas Disease/therapy , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Chagas Disease/metabolism , Parasitemia/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Mice
12.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 41: e20, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845685

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Mejorar la distribución del tratamiento etiológico para la enfermedad de Chagas mediante la identificación de barreras para su descentralización al primer nivel de atención en Argentina. Métodos Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo, de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, en base a entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave pertenecientes al Programa Nacional de Chagas y miembros de los equipos de salud del primer nivel de atención con el objetivo de identificar barreras para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas en diferentes niveles (administrativo, efectores de salud y comunidad) que podrían afectar una estrategia descentralizada de distribución. Además, se implementó un piloto de descentralización en diez centros de atención primaria en una provincia argentina. Resultados Se realizaron 22 entrevistas semiestructuradas con responsables de programas y profesionales de la salud. Los principales obstáculos hallados fueron la falta de búsqueda sistemática de casos, la poca articulación entre los niveles de atención y los actores del sistema de salud, la falta de capacitación del equipo de salud respecto al tratamiento, el seguimiento de los pacientes y las barreras asociadas a los pacientes. Se llevó a cabo un programa piloto de descentralización y se evaluaron estrategias para optimizar la intervención a gran escala. Conclusiones Los resultados permitieron mejorar la implementación del plan de descentralización del tratamiento a través de una mejor articulación interprogramática, la capitalización de herramientas de monitoreo y de comunicación ya existentes, y la sensibilización de los equipos de salud. Además, se formularon recomendaciones tendientes a mejorar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas.


ABSTRACT Objective Improve distribution of etiological treatment of Chagas disease by identifying barriers to the decentralization of treatment to the first level of care in Argentina. Methods A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews of key actors belonging to the National Chagas Program and members of health teams at the first level of care, for the purpose of identifying barriers to diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease at different levels (administrative, health agents, and community) that could affect a decentralized distribution strategy. Additionally, pilot decentralization was instituted in 10 primary health care centers in an Argentine province. Results Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 program heads and health professionals. Principal obstacles found were lack of systematic case-finding, poor coordination among levels of care and health system actors, lack of health team training on treatment, patient monitoring, and patient-related barriers. A pilot decentralization program was carried out and strategies were evaluated to optimize large-scale intervention. Conclusions The results made it possible to improve implementation of the plan to decentralize treatment through better inter-program coordination, capitalization on existing monitoring and communication tools, and sensitization of health teams. Furthermore, recommendations were developed to improve diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Chagas Disease/ethnology , Chagas Disease/therapy , Health Services Accessibility , Argentina
13.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 24(3): 173-179, dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-837863

ABSTRACT

As doenças parasitárias, também chamadas de “doenças negligenciadas”, continuam sendo uma grande dificuldade para o desenvolvimento social e econômico dos países mais pobres. Podemos citar como exemplo dessas doenças, a leishmaniose e a doença de Chagas. A leishmaniose é causada por parasitas do gênero Leishmania e afeta cerca de 12 milhões de pessoas. A doença de Chagas, causada pelo protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi, causa aproximadamente 50.000 mortes por ano. Os fármacos disponíveis para o tratamento dessas doenças são altamente tóxicos, sendo este um dos motivos que leva à busca por drogas eficazes e seguras para seus tratamentos. As folhas da Annona squamosa, espécie da família Annonaceae, já foram descritas na literatura por suas atividades hepatoprotetora, antiparasitária, pesticida e antimicrobiana. Nesse estudo avaliamos a atividade anti-leishmania e tripanocida do extrato etanólico das folhas de Annona squamosa L. (EEAS) em formas promastigota do parasita Leishmania braziliensis e Leishmania infantum e epimastigota de Trypanosoma cruzi, além de avaliar a atividade citotóxica em fibroblasto. Os resultados demonstram que o extrato apresentou uma melhor atividade contra Leishmania infantum e Leishmania brasiliensis quando comparados com Trypanosoma cruzi; e que apresentou uma maior toxicidade nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 μg/ml, com mortalidade dos fibroblastos de aproximadamente 85% e 100%, respectivamente. Esse estudo aponta para uma perspectiva terapêutica alternativa que se mostrou eficaz frente aos parasitas aqui estudados, exceto a forma epimastigota de Trypanosoma cruzi. Com relação aos testes de citotoxicidade fazem-se necessários novos testes, uma vez que apresentou um alto nível de toxicidade, viabilizando assim futuros ensaios in vivo.


The parasitic diseases, also calls by “neglected diseases”, continue being a major difficulty for the social and economic development of the poorest countries. We can cite as an example of these diseases, the leishmaniasis and the Chagas disease. Leishmaniasis is caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and affects about 12 million people. The Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, causes approximately 50,000 deaths per year. The drugs available for the treatment of these diseases are highly toxic, being this one of the reasons that leads to the search for effective and safe drugs for their treatments. The leaves of the Annona squamosa, species of the family Annonaceae, have already been described in the literature by their hepatoprotective activities, antiparasitic, pesticide and antimicrobial. In this study we assessed the activity tripanocidal and antileishmania of ethanolic extract from the leaves of Annona squamosa L. (EEAS) in promastigota forms of the parasite Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum and epimastigota of Trypanosoma cruzi, in addition to evaluating the cytotoxic activity in fibroblasts. The results demonstrate that the extract presented a better activity against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania brasiliensis when compared with Trypanosoma cruzi; and which presented a greater toxicity at concentrations of 500 and 1000 μg/ml, with mortality of fibroblasts of approximately 85% and 100%, respectively. This study points to an alternative therapeutic perspective that showed effective against the parasites here studied, except the epimastigota form of Trypanosoma cruzi. With relation to cytotoxicity tests are required new tests, once presented a high level of toxicity, thus enabling future in vivo assays.


Subject(s)
Humans , Annona/toxicity , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Chagas Disease/therapy , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Leishmaniasis/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis/therapy , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Annonaceae , Biological Products/therapeutic use , Neglected Diseases/epidemiology , Neglected Diseases/therapy , Plant Preparations/therapeutic use
14.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(4): 222-229, out.-dez.2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831548

ABSTRACT

surgindo em um cenário não habitual, relacionado com a forma de transmissão. Atualmente, a transmissão por via oral envolvendo alimentos contaminados é a principal via de infecção humana, com surtos em toda a América Latina. Entre os sintomas da fase aguda, destacam-se febre prolongada, quase sempre acompanhada de mal-estar, adinamia, cefaleia e perda do apetite, acompanhados de manifestações sistêmicas, tais como adenomegalias e hepatoesplenomegalias. As manifestações cardíacas variam desde quadros assintomáticos até graus variáveis de insuficiência cardíaca aguda ou choque cardiogênico e morte. O tratamento da fase aguda com antiparasitários deve sempre ser instituído, pois existem algumas evidencias de melhor evolução clínica em relatos de casos


Acute Chagas disease shows changes in the epidemiological situation, reappearing in an unusual scenario related to the mode of transmission. Currently, the oral transmission involving contaminated food is the main route of human infection with outbreaks throughout Latin America. Among the symptoms of the acute phase stand out prolonged fever, often accompanied by malaise, asthenia, headache and loss of appetite, accompanied by systemic manifestations such as lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Cardiac manifestations range from asymptomatic clinical statuses to varying degrees of acute heart failure or cardiogenic shock and death. Treatment of acute phase with antiparasitic agents should always be provided, as there is some evidence of better clinical outcome in case reports


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/etiology , Chagas Disease/history , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/transmission , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/parasitology , Echocardiography , Food Parasitology/history , Electrocardiography , Latin America/epidemiology , Nifurtimox/pharmacology
15.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 29(4): f:141-l:149, out.-dez. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831725

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O tratamento com benzonidazol na fase crônica da doença de Chagas ainda permanece controverso. O presente estudo objetiva avaliar a efetividade da quimioterapia com benzonidazol em pacientes chagásicos crônicos por meio de análises sorológica e eletrocardiográfica. Método: Estudo prospectivo histórico, com acompanhamento eletrocardiográfico e sorológico pelos métodos imunoenzimático (ELISA) e de imunofluorescência indireta uma vez por ano, antes e após o tratamento, entre 2005 e 2011. No perfil sociodemográfico dos 30 pacientes acompanhados o predomínio era do sexo masculino, faixa etária entre 25-64 anos, com primeiro grau incompleto e em sua maioria agricultores. Resultados: A análise sorológica por ELISA demonstrou queda significativa da densidade óptica das amostras coletadas antes (2005) e após o tratamento com benzonidazol (2011). Em relação à imunofluorescência indireta, os pacientes se mantiveram inalterados durante o acompanhamento (variação de no máximo uma diluição entre as amostras basal e final). Na avaliação eletrocardiográfica, 76,2% (16/21) dos pacientes apresentaram manutenção dos laudos eletrocardiográficos ao longo do estudo. Conclusão: Foram observadas regressões nas análises sorológicas dos pacientes tratados com benzonidazol, acompanhados por 6 anos, além da manutenção dos padrões eletrocardiográficos iniciais na maioria dos casos, o que pode sugerir um efeito benéfico do fármaco no tratamento desses pacientes na fase crônica da doença de Chagas.


Background: Treatment with benzonidazole in the chronic phase of Chagas disease remains controversial. This study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of chemotherapy with benzonidazole in chronic Chagas disease using serological and electrocardiographic analysis. Method: Historical prospective study with electrocardiographic and serological monitoring by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence once a year, before and after the treatment, from 2005 to 2011. In the socio-demographic profile of the 30 patients followed-up, there was a prevalence of males, ages ranged between 25-64 years, incomplete school education and most of them farmers. Results: ELISA serology showed a significant decrease in the optical density of the samples collected before (2005) and after treatment with benzonidazole (2011). Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated patients remained unchanged during follow-up (maximum variation of one dilution between the baseline sample and 2011). In the electrocardiographic assessment, 76.2% (16/21) of the patients maintained their electrocardiographic reports throughout the study. Conclusion: Patients treated with benzonidazole and followed-up for 6 years presented a regression in serological analysis and maintenance of their baseline ECG patterns in most cases, which may suggest a beneficial effect of the drug in the chronic treatment of Chagas disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Chagas Disease/therapy , Electrocardiography/methods , Patients , Serologic Tests/methods , Treatment Outcome , Acute Disease , Analysis of Variance , Chronic Disease , Pharmaceutical Services/methods , Pharmaceutical Services/trends , Prospective Studies
16.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 24(91): 1-5, 20160000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1531414

ABSTRACT

La reactivación de la enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes HIV/sida con bajos recuentos de LTCD4 es un problema que complica el manejo de ambas infecciones. Se dispone actualmente de dos fármacos antichagá-sicos con eficacia debidamente documentada en pacientes no coinfecta-dos. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia y experiencia clínica en cuanto a la eficacia y la seguridad del tratamiento integral en este grupo de pa-cientes susceptibles de sufrir distintos efectos adversos a fármacos y con altas tasas de mortalidad a corto y mediano plazo. En el presente artículo se describen las consideraciones (en especial las que atañen a la poten-ciación de efectos adversos y la posibilidad de interacciones farmacoló-gicas), que deben tenerse en cuenta acerca del tratamiento antirretrovi-ral, antichagásico y anticonvulsivante conjunto y los esquemas terapéu-ticos más adecuados para pacientes coinfectados


Reactivation of Chagas Disease in patients HIV/AIDS with low counts LTCD4 is a problem that complicates management of both infections. There are currently two antiparasitic drugs properly documented efficacy in patients non-co-infected patients. However, there is little evidence and clinical experience regarding the efficacy and safety of an integral treatment in this group of patients, who are susceptible of suffering diverse adverse drug reactions and who have high mortality rates both in the short and long-term. In this article we describe the considerations (especially those related to adverse effects and possibility of pharmacological interactions) that must be taken into account during the combined antiretroviral, antichagasic and anticonvulsant treatment, as well as the most convenient treatment for patients described co-infected.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV Infections/therapy , Chagas Disease/therapy , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Drug Interactions , Latent Infection/therapy
17.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 25(spe): 7-86, abr.-jun. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-792990

ABSTRACT

A doença de Chagas é uma condição crônica negligenciada com elevada carga de morbimortalidade e impacto dos pontos de vista psicológico, social e econômico. Representa um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil, com diferentes cenários regionais. Este documento traduz a sistematização das evidências que compõe o Consenso Brasileiro de Doença de Chagas. O objetivo foi sistematizar estratégias de diagnóstico, tratamento, prevenção e controle da doença de Chagas no país, de modo a refletir as evidências científicas disponíveis. Sua construção fundamentou-se na articulação e contribuição estratégica de especialistas brasileiros com conhecimento, experiência e atualização sobre diferentes aspectos da doença. Representa o resultado da estreita colaboração entre a Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical e o Ministério da Saúde. Espera-se com este documento fortalecer o desenvolvimento de ações integradas para enfrentamento da doença no país com foco em epidemiologia, gestão, atenção integral (incluindo famílias e comunidades), comunicação, informação, educação e pesquisas.


Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition that presents high morbidity and mortality burden, with considerable psychological, social, and economic impact. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on collaboration and contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with vast knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. This document shall strengthen the development of integrated control measures against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Brazil , Consensus Development Conference , Chagas Disease/therapy , Chagas Disease/transmission
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(2): 191-216, abr. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-784870

ABSTRACT

There is a lot of bacterial, viral or parasite infections who are able to be transmitted vertically from the mother to the fetus or newborn which implicates an enormous risk for it. The TORCH acronym is used universally to refer to a fetus or newborn which presents clinical features compatible with a vertically acquired infection and allows a rational diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The traditional "TORCH test" is nowadays considered not appropriate and it has been replaced for specific test for specific pathogens under well defined circumstances. The present document reviews the general characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic options for the most frequently involved pathogens in the fetus or newborn with TORCH suspicion.


Existen numerosas infecciones bacterianas, virales y parasitarias que pueden transmitirse desde la madre al feto o recién nacido (RN) y que significan un riesgo para él. El acrónimo TORCH se utiliza en forma universal para caracterizar a aquel feto o RN que presenta un cuadro clínico compatible con una infección congénita y que permite un enfrentamiento racional, tanto diagnóstico como terapéutico. El concepto tradicional de realizar un "test de TORCH" sin consideraciones específicas a cada paciente, hoy en día se considera no adecuado y ha sido reemplazado por exámenes específicos para patógenos específicos bajo circunstancias bien definidas. El presente documento revisa las características generales, epidemiológicas, patogénicas, diagnósticas y terapéuticas de los patógenos más frecuentemente involucrados en el estudio de pacientes con sospecha de TORCH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/parasitology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/virology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology , Prenatal Diagnosis , Rubella/congenital , Rubella/diagnosis , Rubella/therapy , Syndrome , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/diagnosis , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/therapy , Risk Factors , Chagas Disease/congenital , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Cytomegalovirus Infections/congenital , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/therapy , Fetus , Herpes Simplex/congenital , Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Herpes Simplex/therapy
19.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 29(1): 3-11, jan.-mar.2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-788818

ABSTRACT

Desde que foi iniciado, há 25 anos, o Registro Brasileiro de Marcapassos, Desfibriladores e Ressincronizadores Cardíacos (RBM) cadastrou 306.886 cirurgias até 31 de dezembro de 2014, das quais 216.537 foram primeiro implante (190.747 marcapassos, 13.725 cardiodesfibriladores, 6.683 ressincronizadores, 4.052 cardiodesfibriladores com ressincronizadores e 1.330 sem informações) e 90.349, trocas de dispositivos. Método: Analisamos o número de cirurgias e suas variedades entre 2000 e 2014 (dados de 31 de dezembro de 2015) e comparamos com alguns países, com a média europeia e com informações populacionais do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados: O número do RBM referente às cirurgias realizadas no Brasil (129/1.000.000) foi comparado com a média europeia (960/1.000.000), verificando-se valores 7,4 vezes menores (mesmo estimando-se proporcionalmente, os valores são 4,5 vezes menores). A modificação na etiologia da primeira cirurgia entre 2009 e 2014 revelou aumento da incidência de fibrose do sistema de condução (de 32,58% para 38,05%) e redução da doença de Chagas (de 18% para 11,70%), sem grandes modificações nas outras causas. Considerando-se o número total de cirurgias, nota-se pequeno aumento em todas as regiões, exceto a Norte, com discreto aumento das cirurgias de cardiodesfibrilador implantável e cardiodesfibrilador implantável multissítio em todo o País. Houve pequeno aumento dos hospitais que realizaram cirurgias com a utilização desses dispositivos. O número total de médicos que fazem implantes de dispositivos aumentou discretamente, especialmente nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, com queda discreta nas outras. O grupo que realizou até 10 cirurgias por ano cresceu 19,28% e o de 11-50 cirurgias por ano, 12,84%...


Since it was started, 25 years ago, the Brazilian Registry of Pacemakers, CardioverterDefibrillators,and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices (RBM) registered 306,886 surgeries by December 31, 2014, 216,537 of which were: first implant (190,747 pacemakers, 13,725 cardioverter-defibrillators, 6,683 cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, 4,052 cardioverter-defibrillators with cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, and 1,330 with no information) in addition to 90,349 device replacements. Method: We analyzed the number of surgeries and their varieties, mostly between 2000 and 2014 (data of December 31, 2015)and compared with some countries, with the European average and with populational information from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Results: We compared the RBM number of surgeries perfomed in Brazil (129/1,000,000) with the European average (960/1,000,000) and noticed values 7.4 times lower (even when estimated proportionally, results were 4.5 times lower). The change in the etiology of first surgery between 2009 and 2014 revealed an increase in the incidence of fibrosis of the conduction system (from 32.58% to 38.05%), and reduction of Chagas disease (from 18% to 11.70%) without any major changes in other causes. When taking into account the total number of surgeries, a small increase was observed in all regions, except for the North, with a discrete increase of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and multisite implantable cardioverter-defibrillators surgeries across the country. There was a small increase in the number of hospitals that perform surgeries using these devices. The total number of doctors that perform device implantations has increased slightly, especially in the South and Southeast regions, with a slight decrease in the other regions. The group performing up to 10 surgeries per year increased 19.28%, and the one performing 11 to 50 surgeries per year increased 12.84%...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Brazil , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Pacemaker, Artificial , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/therapy , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices , Chagas Disease/etiology , Chagas Disease/therapy , Heart Failure/etiology , Heart Failure/therapy
20.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 28(4): 167-170, out.-dez. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-788753

ABSTRACT

A dextrocardia é uma anomalia rara e sua associação ao bloqueio atrioventricular total é ainda maisincomum. A cardiopatia chagásica crônica é uma doença endêmica no Brasil, onde o aparecimento dessaarritmia é relativamente frequente (forma arritmogênica). Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 38 anos de idade submetida a implante de marcapasso dupla-câmara por bloqueio atrioventricular total, portadora de cardiopatia chagásica crônica, que, em seu acompanhamento, apresentou insuficiência cardíaca refratária e necessidade de ressincronização cardíaca, evoluindo com melhora da classe funcional em sua avaliação precoce.


Dextrocardia is a rare anomaly, and its association with complete atrioventricular block is even moreunusual. Chronic Chagasic heart disease is endemic in Brazil, where the onset of this arrhythmia is relatively frequent (arrhythmogenic form). We report a 38-year-old patient with Chagasic heart disease undergoing implantation of a dual chamber pacemaker for complete atrioventricular block, who developed refractory heart failure during the follow-up and required cardiac resynchronization, evolving with improved functional class in the early assessment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Atrioventricular Block/complications , Atrioventricular Block/therapy , Dextrocardia/complications , Dextrocardia/therapy , Chagas Disease/complications , Chagas Disease/therapy , Pacemaker, Artificial , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods , Chronic Disease/therapy , Echocardiography/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Heart Atria , Heart Defects, Congenital , Heart Ventricles , Treatment Outcome
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